August 19, 1861, Monday

Richmond, Virginia
The Confederate Congress held at Richmond agreed to an alliance with Missouri, and "virtually" admitted the state into the Confederacy. Missouri thus effectively has two governments, one Union and one Confederate.

Another act authorizes a produce loan of $100,000,000 to be taken up by planters to help finance the war.

Washington, DC
President Lincoln makes several appointments:
--George H. Thomas of Virginia - named Brigadier General
--Maj. General Henry W. Hellbeck, then in California, is ordered to report to Washington. It is thought that he will be named to a top command

West Chester, PA and Easton, PA
Newspapers in these towns are raised by Unionists.

Haverhill, Massachusetts
A newspaper publisher is tarred and feathered by a mob for alleged pro-Southern sentiments.

Klapsford, Missouri
Skirmish takes place here.

Charleston, Missouri
Federal forces from Bird's Point, opposite CAiro, railroaded to Charleston, Missouri and defeated a force of Missouri state troops.
BibliographyThe Civil War Day By Day: An Almanac 1861-1865. E.B. Long with Barbara Long, De Capo, 1971